Brake lining



Jn 12 943 G. wALTERs 2,307,84

BRAKE LINING Filed July 18, 1940 Patented Jan. 12, '1943 BRAKE LINING Gustav'Walters, Middletown, Conn., assignor to The Russell Manufacturing Company, Middletown', Conn., a. corporation of Connecticut Application July 18,1940, Serial N 346,123

3 Claims.

This invention' relates to improvements in woven friction material, and-more particularly to Woven brake-lining.

One object of this invention is to provide improved Woven brake-lining having its braking` surface portion substantially free xof metal wire,

and its backing-portion strengthened bvweaving metal wire therein.

With the above and other objects in view, as will appear to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, this invention includes all features in thev said disclosure which are novel over the prior art. r

In the accompanying drawing forming part of the present disclosure, in which lone way of car` rying out the invention is shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. 1 is a broken side elevation of a 'brake employing brake-lining made in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic end view of the brakelining shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, illustrating the weave construction of the brake-lining. j

In the description and claims the various parts and steps are identified by specic names for convenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their application as the prior art `will permit.

Referring to the drawing, the brake-drum I is engageable by the brake-lining II which, in the particular embodiment illustrated, consists of a plurality of separate brake-blocks I2. Each brake-block I2 is secured to the brake-band I3V by any suitable fastening means such as screws I4, the brake-band I3 being actuated to vapply the brake in use by any suitable means such, for example, as the lever I5. Instead of having the brake-lining in separate pieces as brake-blocks, it may consist of one continuous piece, both of which modes of luse are well known in the art.

The braking-surface or wearing-surface portion I 6 of the brake-lining contains no metal wire, Whereas the backing-portion I'I of the brake-lining contains metal wire in the form of (Cl. 139-409) I of metal wire, the possibility of scoring the brakedrum or rim by metal wires is avoided,l while at the same time, by having metal wires woven in the backing-portion Il, improved strength and reinforcing brass-wire strands which form the cores of the warp strands in the backing-portion I1. The broken line I8 (Fig. 1) indicates the line of division between the braking-surface portion I6 and the backing-portion I1. The heads I9 of the usual screws I4 or other fastening devices are anchored against the backing-portion Il which contains the reinforcing brass wire.

By having the braking-surface portion I6 free rigidity is provided for mounting the brake-lining on the brake-band by the usual screws'or rivets without the brake-lining working loose on the screws or rivets during the use o`f the brake.

The braking-surface portion I 6 of the brakelining preferably forms a. major thickness rof the brake-lining-and the backing-portion Il of the brake-lining forms a minor thickness of the brake-lining, in order that lample thickness of the braking-surface portion I6 may be available for wear without encountering the metal wires,

or screws or the like which to the brake-band. l

In the particular form ofy the invention illu'strated in the drawing, the woven brake-lining consists of ten plies 20, 2I, 22, 23, 2425,'26, 21, 2B and 29. The warp strands 30 of the six plies 20 to 25, inclusive, which form the braking-surface portion, are all alike. Each warp strand is formed of three strands or ends 30a1which contain no wire. The Warp strands 3|` of the'four plies 26 to 29, inclusive, which form the backingportion, are all alike. Each warp strand 3| is formed of three strands or ends 3Ia, each of which ends 3Ia contains a wire core formed of two brass wires 3Ib. In the particular construction shwn each wire 3 Ib is about .007 inch diameter, the ends of which Wires are indicated ,in Fig. 2 by the stippling.

The weft or filling strands 32 are the same in hold the brake-lining all ten of the plies and without any wire therein. And the binder strands 33 are without any wire therein. The textile material used in all the warp, weft and binder strands 'preferably con-.- sists of about three-fourths one-fourth cotton.

The four plies 26 to 29, inclusive, which are the only ones having warp strands with wire cores, form the backing-portion Il of the brakelining while the six plies 20 to 25, inclusive, which are free of wire, form the braking-surface portion I6 of the brake-lining. It will thus be observed that the backing-portion of the brakelining forms about 40% of the total thickness of the brake-lining. After the brake-lining is woven it is preferably impregnated with suitable friction material as is usual in the art.

Where such expressions as majority plurality and minority plurality respectively mean that of the total of more than four plies called for, a majority or more than half asbestos and about are used in a claim, they weft strands of each -group being arranged in a single tier in vertically superposed relation in the plies, and each binder-strand portion 33a which extends entirely through the entire ten plies, has an approximate half-portion extending along one side of half of a group of superposed weft strands, then passes or crosses between the two most nearly `central strands of1 such group of superposed weft strands, and then has another half-portion which extends along the other side of the remaining ve strands of such superposed group of ten weft strands of the ten plies, 'I'his mode of passing or crossing the binder strands permits of producing a tighter, more compact weave construction.

'I'he brake-lining shown and described is particularly useful in machinery for carrying outl deep drilling in oil wells, but may be used as a friction material on brakes or` clutches for any purpose for which it is suitable.`

The invention may be carried out in other specific ways than those h'erein set forth without departing from the spiritand essential characteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are, therefore,to be considered in all respects 'as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes, coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

1. A woven brake-lining comprising: more r than four plies each having interwoven warp and weft strands; the. weft strands of the plies being arranged in successive groups, the weftstrands of each said group being arranged in a single tier in superposed-relation in the plies; and two sets of binder strands joining the plies together; one of said sets of,binder strands" extending around theopposite outer surfaces of the opposite outermost weft strands ofv each group of weft strands of alternate groups of weft strands, and the other of said lsets of binder strands extending around the opposite outer surfaces of the opposite outermost weft strands of each group of -weft strands of the intervening groups of weft strands; each of said sets of binder strands passing through each group of weft strands at a location which is a plurality of weft strands distant from the opposite outermost surfaces of the brake-lining.

2. A woven brake-lining comprising: more than four plies each having interwoven warp and weft strands: the weft strands of the plies being arranged in successive groups, the weft strands oi each said group being arranged in a single tier in superposed relation in me plies; and two sets of binder strands extending transversely through the plies in a. generally forward direction and joining the plies together; one of said sets of binder strands extending around the opposite outer surfaces of the opposite outermost weft strands of each group of weft strands of alternate groups of weft strands, and the other of said sets of binder strands extending around the opposite outer surfaces of the opposite outermost weft strands of each group of weft strands of the intervening groups of weft strands; each of said sets of binder strands passing in a rearward direction through alternate groups of weft strands and passing in a forward direction through the intervening groups of weft strands, each' said passing being at a location which is a plurality of weft strands distant from the opposite outermost surfaces of the brake-lining.

3. vA Woven brake-lining comprising:v morel than four plies each having interwoven warp and weft strands; the weftstrands of the plies being arranged in successive groups, the weft strands of each said group being arranged in a single tier in superposed relation in the plies; and two sets of binder strands extending transversely through the plies in a generally forward direction and joining the plies together; one of said sets of binder strands extending around the opposite outer surfaces of the opposite outermost weft strands of each group ofweft strands of alternate groups of weit strands, and the other of said sets of binder strands extending around the opposite outer surfaces of the opposite outermost vweft strands of each group of weft strands of the intervening groups of weft strands; each of said sets of binder strands passing in a rearward `direction through alternate groups of weft strands and passing in a forward direction through the intervening groups of weft strands,

each said passing being at a location which is a plurality of weft strands distant from the opposite outermost surfaces of the brake-lining, the passings of the two sets of binder strands through each group of weft strands being between the same two weft strands.

1 GUSTAV WALTERS. 

